Products
Products
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| HS Code | 892995 |
| Product Name | Juhua Group Isopropyl Alcohol |
| Chemical Formula | C3H8O |
| Cas Number | 67-63-0 |
| Molecular Weight | 60.10 g/mol |
| Appearance | Clear colorless liquid |
| Odor | Intense, alcohol-like |
| Purity | ≥99.9% |
| Density | 0.785 g/cm³ at 20°C |
| Melting Point | -89.5°C |
| Boiling Point | 82.3°C |
| Flash Point | 11.7°C (closed cup) |
| Autoignition Temperature | 399°C |
| Solubility | Miscible with water and most organic solvents |
| Vapor Pressure | 4.4 kPa at 20°C |
| Refractive Index | 1.377 at 20°C |
| Viscosity | 2.1 mPa·s at 25°C |
As an accredited Juhua Group Isopropyl Alcohol factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Juhua Group Isopropyl Alcohol is packaged in 160 kg steel drums, ensuring safe storage, handling, and transport. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20' FCL: Juhua Isopropyl Alcohol loaded in palletized drums, secured, ventilated, and compliant with hazardous goods regulations. |
| Shipping | Juhua Group Isopropyl Alcohol ships as a Class 3 flammable liquid in ISO tanks, drums, or IBCs with proper labeling. Transport by road, rail, or sea requires grounding, ventilation, and segregation from oxidizers. Shipping documentation includes SDS, hazardous goods declaration, and compliance with IMDG/ADR regulations. Keep away from ignition sources and handle with care. |
| Storage | Store Juhua Group Isopropyl Alcohol in tightly sealed, approved flammable-liquid containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, and strong oxidizers. Ground and bond containers during transfer. Use a flammable storage cabinet, avoid direct sunlight, and ensure secondary containment to prevent leaks. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf Life: Typically 2–3 years from manufacture date when stored unopened in original container, away from heat and moisture. |
Juhua Group isopropyl alcohol enters the printed circuit board defluxing line as a drummed or bulk solvent. The critical parameters for electronics cleaning are assay, water content, acidity, and non-volatile residue. A 99.9% anhydrous grade is typically controlled at water ≤0.05%, acidity ≤0.002 meq/g, and non-volatile residue ≤5 ppm. These acceptance criteria align with ASTM D770-11 for isopropyl alcohol. They are cross-checked against IPC J-STD-001 for soldered electronic assemblies. The solvent removes rosin-based no-clean flux residues from surface-mount assemblies. It is applied in batch immersion tanks fitted with 40 kHz ultrasonic transducers. Bath temperature is controlled at 40–50 °C. Rack agitation prevents solvent stratification. Contact time ranges from 3 min to 10 min depending on flux loading. After cleaning, the boards are transferred to a cascade rinse of fresh anhydrous isopropanol. A final rinse conductivity below 2 µS/cm is used as a line-control limit. Residual ionic contamination is measured per IPC TM-650 2.3.25 with a 75:25 isopropanol-water extract. The acceptance limit for high-reliability assemblies is typically 1.56 µg/cm² sodium chloride equivalent. Drying uses forced air at 60 °C for 20 min. The flash point of anhydrous isopropanol is 12 °C closed cup. Extraction and heating systems must be rated for flammable solvents. MEMS devices with fragile suspended structures should not be cleaned in ultrasonic tanks because cavitation can fracture thin beams. Not all substrates tolerate isopropanol immersion. Some marking inks and conformal coatings soften or dissolve. Compatibility tests are performed on solder mask, silkscreen, and polymeric housings before full production. High water content depresses solvency for rosin residues and increases drying time. A water content above 0.5 wt% can cause white residue on solder joints. The finished assemblies include smartphone mainboards, power modules, and automotive engine-control units.
Juhua Group isopropanol at 99.8% assay is used in the WHO-recommended handrub formulation. The defined 10 L batch composition is 7515 mL isopropyl alcohol, 417 mL hydrogen peroxide 3%, 145 mL glycerol 98%, and sterile distilled water to final volume. The final isopropanol concentration is 75% v/v. Manufacture is carried out at 20–25 °C in closed stainless-steel vessels. Isopropanol and water are mixed first. The mixture warms due to exothermic dilution. The batch is cooled to below 25 °C before hydrogen peroxide is added. Glycerol is added last and mixed for 15 min. The finished solution is held in a closed tank for 72 h. This dwell time inactivates any spores present in the containers or raw materials. The formulation is filled into HDPE bottles. Glycerol reduces skin dehydration. Hydrogen peroxide provides sporicidal activity against contaminating bioburden. Compliance is anchored to the USP Isopropyl Alcohol monograph for raw material assay and benzene limits. ICH Q3C classifies isopropanol as a Class 3 residual solvent with a permitted daily exposure of 50 mg/day. The finished product is subject to FDA OTC topical antiseptic controls under 21 CFR 333. In the European Union it is regulated under the Biocidal Products Regulation 528/2012. The process limitation is flammability. The flash point of the final 75% solution is approximately 18–23 °C closed cup. Storage requires flame-proof ventilated cabinets. Use near open flame is prohibited. The end-use format is a rinse-off hand sanitizer for hospital wards, food-processing entry points, and pharmaceutical compounding areas.
Juhua Group isopropanol is used as a letdown solvent in flexographic and gravure printing inks based on nitrocellulose or polyamide resins. The solvent is added after pigment dispersion to adjust press viscosity to 18–25 s on a Zahn #2 cup at 25 °C. Typical addition rates are 3–7 wt% of the finished ink. A 50:50 blend of isopropanol and n-propyl acetate is common in solvent-based flexo inks. Pure isopropanol has a surface tension of 21.7 mN/m at 25 °C. The isopropanol fraction suppresses surface tension and improves substrate wetting on corona-treated polyethylene film. Wet film thickness ranges from 4 µm to 8 µm. The solvent evaporates rapidly from the printed web. Full release depends on dryer air velocity and web temperature. Dryer temperature is typically set at 60–70 °C for polyolefin films. Higher isopropanol content above 10 wt% can cause resin kick-out in low-tolerance nitrocellulose systems. Isopropanol is miscible with ester and ketone solvents. Water-miscible grades are used in water-based ink formulations at lower levels to reduce dynamic surface tension. In two-component polyurethane ink systems, isopropanol is avoided because the secondary hydroxyl group consumes isocyanate crosslinker. The compliance framework includes ASTM D2369 for volatile organic compound content and ISO 3104 for kinematic viscosity. In the United States, ink solvents are subject to hazardous air pollutant controls under the printing and publishing NESHAP. Printed outputs include flexible packaging films, corrugated board prints, and paper labels.
Where Juhua Group isopropanol is routed into captive synthesis, the molecule is either dehydrogenated, esterified, or aminated. The dehydrogenation route to acetone proceeds over a copper-zinc oxide catalyst in a fixed-bed multitubular reactor with molten salt or oil cooling. Process temperature is maintained at 300–500 °C. Pressure is held near 1–3 bar. Single-pass conversion is typically 80–95% depending on catalyst age. Acetone selectivity above 90% is achievable with continuous hydrogen removal. The reactor effluent is cooled and the acetone is separated by distillation. Acetone produced from isopropanol is used in methyl methacrylate and bisphenol A processes. Esterification with acetic acid yields isopropyl acetate. Sulfuric acid or a strong cation exchange resin is used as catalyst. Reactive distillation removes water to drive conversion above 95%. Isopropyl acetate is used as a low-toxicity solvent in coatings and printing inks. Amination of isopropanol with ammonia over a supported nickel catalyst produces isopropylamine. The reaction is carried out at 150–220 °C and hydrogen partial pressure of 2–20 bar. The selectivity to monoisopropylamine is controlled by the ammonia-to-alcohol ratio and pressure. Higher ammonia ratios suppress di-isopropylamine formation. The downstream products include agrochemical intermediates and pharmaceutical precursors. For all three routes, the critical feed specification for Juhua Group isopropanol includes low water, low acidity, and low sulfur. Water above 0.1 wt% accelerates catalyst deactivation in dehydrogenation. Sulfur compounds poison nickel and copper catalysts. Each batch should be filtered to 5 µm before entering the reactor feed system. The binary water-isopropanol azeotrope is approximately 87.7 wt% isopropanol at 80.4 °C. A high reflux ratio is required to separate this azeotrope from product streams. Published data for this specific Juhua feed in multi-tube fixed-bed reactors is limited. Pilot-scale catalyst screening is recommended before full conversion commitment.
| Reaction pathway | Catalyst system | Temperature window | Pressure window | Reported conversion or selectivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dehydrogenation to acetone | Cu-ZnO | 300–500 °C | 1–3 bar | 80–95% conversion, >90% selectivity |
| Esterification to isopropyl acetate | H2SO4 or acid ion-exchange resin | 80–120 °C | atmospheric | >95% conversion by reactive distillation |
| Amination to isopropylamine | Ni-Co/Al2O3 | 150–220 °C | 2–20 bar H2 | MIPA/DIPA ratio set by NH3:IPA feed ratio |
Anhydrous Juhua Group isopropanol functions as a fast-drying solvent for hair fixative polymers. The concentration in aerosol hairsprays ranges from 10% to 40% by weight depending on resin type. Octylacrylamide/acrylates/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer is dissolved in anhydrous ethanol or isopropanol. Isopropanol raises solution vapour pressure and reduces dry time. In pump sprays, the concentration is lower, usually 5–15%. The solvent must meet low odour and low non-volatile residue specifications. Odour is assessed by ASTM D1296 for residual solvent odour. Isopropanol in aftershave lotions is used at 10–30% as an astringent vehicle. Nail polish removers may contain isopropanol as co-solvent with acetone and ethyl acetate. The EU Cosmetics Regulation 1223/2009 requires full safety assessment. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review panel has not restricted isopropanol at typical use concentrations. The main process limitation is fill-line explosion proofing. Aerosol filling requires Class I Division 1 electrical classification. High-water-content grades are not suitable for anhydrous fixative systems because polymer precipitation occurs above 1% water. The final product must pass flame projection tests for aerosol hairsprays under ASTM D3065. The vapour pressure at 20 °C is 4.4 kPa, which directly affects can rating. These are mature formulation platforms; extensive changes in solvent ratio are constrained by resin compatibility and VOC limits. Finished personal care formats include aerosol hairsprays, pump mists, and aftershave splashes.
For reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method development, Juhua Group high-purity isopropanol serves as a stronger eluotropic modifier than methanol or acetonitrile. A mobile phase containing 5–12% v/v isopropanol in an aqueous buffer is used to resolve planar polycyclic aromatic compounds and long-chain surfactants. Column backpressure increases with isopropanol content because the viscosity at 25 °C is 2.04 mPa·s, compared with 0.36 mPa·s for acetonitrile. Flow rate may need to be reduced from 1.0 mL/min to 0.7 mL/min when the isopropanol concentration exceeds 10%. The UV cut-off of high-purity isopropanol is approximately 205 nm. This restricts low-wavelength detection below 220 nm. In nucleic acid purification, isopropanol precipitates DNA from aqueous solutions. One volume of DNA-containing aqueous phase is mixed with 0.6–1.0 volume of cold isopropanol. The mixture is centrifuged at 12,000 × g for 20 min at 4 °C. The pellet is washed with 70% ethanol. Isopropanol is preferred over ethanol when smaller liquid volumes are needed. For histology, isopropanol is used as a dehydrant in a graded series from 70% to 100%. The reagent grade used in these applications must meet ACS reagent specifications and have a non-volatile residue below 5 ppm. Outputs include analytical methods, purified plasmid DNA, and tissue sections for light microscopy.
In cold-climate automotive aftermarket formulations, Juhua Group anhydrous isopropanol is added to gasoline to prevent water freezing in fuel lines. A typical dose is 500 mL of anhydrous isopropanol per 40–60 L of gasoline. The solvent distributes between the fuel phase and entrained water. It lowers the freezing point of the water phase. Above the isopropanol-water solubility limit, phase separation occurs. The exact limit depends on temperature and fuel composition. Ethanol-containing gasoline already carries polar phase modifiers. Additional isopropanol can shift the water tolerance curve. In a fuel system with 0.5% water content, isopropanol addition may prevent ice formation down to approximately -20 °C. This value is not universal. Diesel systems do not respond the same way because water separator bowls are designed for a heavier water phase. Isopropanol can emulsify water and compromise separator efficiency. The product is filled into 355 mL or 500 mL plastic bottles. The main specification is high anhydrous assay and low water. A water content above 0.1% reduces de-icing performance. Flash point is 12 °C closed cup, requiring flammable-liquid storage. End-use formats include gas-line antifreeze and windshield de-icing sprays.
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Juhua Group Isopropyl Alcohol is supplied as a petrochemical-sourced secondary alcohol with CAS 67-63-0, molecular formula C₃H₈O, and a representative gas chromatographic purity of 99.5% for anhydrous industrial material. The commercial line is differentiated by specification grade rather than a single model designator; purchase orders typically reference “IPA technical grade,” “IPA anhydrous,” or “IPA high purity,” and each lot is released against a certificate of analysis. Bulk containers include ISO tank containers and 200 L high-density polyethylene drums meeting UN 1219 requirements for Class 3 flammable liquid, Packing Group II. Representative specification windows for the anhydrous material include moisture at ≤0.10% by Karl Fischer titration, acidity as acetic acid at ≤0.002%, non-volatile residue at ≤0.001%, and platinum-cobalt colour below 10 APHA. These values are not independent product guarantees; they are numeric bands commonly cited in solvent monographs and should be confirmed against the seller’s lot-specific COA because production campaigns and feedstock sulfur content may shift trace impurity loadings. For industrial customers, the specification boundary that most often determines product acceptance is not bulk purity but the non-volatile residue after drying, because it transfers directly to surface defects in coating and cleaning operations.
The material is a clear, colourless liquid with boiling point 82.3°C, density 0.785 g/cm³ at 20°C, refractive index approximately 1.377 at 20°C, and surface tension 21.7 mN/m at 20°C. These constants govern wetting performance on rosin flux and evaporation profile in coating films. The azeotrope with water boils at approximately 80.3°C and contains 87.7% isopropanol by mass, so simple distillation of moist technical IPA cannot produce anhydrous material below the azeotropic limit without a dehydration step. In industrial drying and solvent recovery, the azeotrope is managed by extractive distillation or molecular-sieve adsorption.
Primary downstream uses are controlled by viscosity and evaporation rate: thinning of coil coatings and printing inks, defluxing of printed circuit assemblies, dehydration of rosin derivatives, extraction of alkaloids, and esterification to isopropyl acetate. The product is handled as a polar protic solvent with Snyder polarity index 3.9 and dielectric constant approximately 18.3 at 20°C, which places it between nonpolar aliphatic hydrocarbons and water-miscible ethanol. In electronics cleaning, qualification is normally performed by measuring surface insulation resistance under IPC-TM-650 2.6.3.7; in coatings, the control variable is the evaporation profile measured by ASTM D3539-11 or by comparative evaporation-rate equipment. Published data for this specific Juhua configuration is limited, so end users are advised to request a certificate of analysis that includes moisture, acidity, and non-volatile residue before qualification.
The industrial solvent-grade product is controlled for water, acidity, and distillation range, while the high-purity electronic-cleaning grade adds limits for chloride, sulfate, sodium, and total trace metals. The difference is visible in the certificate of analysis; a solvent-grade lot may report moisture at ≤0.20% and evaporation residue at ≤0.002%, whereas the high-purity lot tightens moisture to ≤0.10% and residue to ≤0.001%. Chloride is commonly held below 1 mg/kg and sodium below 0.1 mg/kg in electronic cleaning material, though published data for this specific configuration is limited and must be verified against actual lot COAs. Analytical release commonly follows ASTM D770-11(2019) for industrial isopropanol classification, ASTM D4052-18a for density, ASTM E203-16 for volumetric Karl Fischer water, and gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection for alcohol purity. Distillation-range testing is usually reported as initial boiling point and dry point under ASTM D1078-11(2019); the product should distil within the 82.3°C range for pure IPA, with allowances for moisture and trace light ends.
| Property | Test method | Technical grade | High-purity grade |
|---|---|---|---|
| Purity (area %) | GC-FID internal normalization | ≥99.5% | ≥99.7% |
| Water | ASTM E203-16 | ≤0.20% | ≤0.10% |
| Acidity as acetic acid | Acid-base titration | ≤0.002% | ≤0.002% |
| Non-volatile residue | ASTM D1353-13 | ≤0.002% | ≤0.001% |
| Density at 20°C | ASTM D4052-18a | 0.784–0.786 g/cm³ | 0.784–0.786 g/cm³ |
| Colour APHA | ASTM D1209-05(2019) | ≤10 | ≤5 |
| Chloride | Ion chromatography | ≤2 mg/kg | ≤0.5 mg/kg |
Representative market specification bands are shown; the actual Juhua Group COA controls the values used for acceptance. The lot-specific COA for electronic cleaning should be requested with ion chromatography data for chloride and sulfate, because residues from these anions can become mobile in humid conditions and contribute to electrochemical migration. An SIR coupon test at 85°C and 85% relative humidity for 168 h is a common qualification protocol; values below 100 MΩ are often rejected, but the actual pass threshold is specified by the end-use standard or customer process. These data are not universally available for generic industrial IPA and are typically what separate a controlled high-purity grade from a low-cost solvent shipment.
Commercial isopropanol is manufactured by direct catalytic hydration of propylene, indirect sulfuric-acid hydration, or hydrogenation of acetone. Juhua Group isopropanol is generally positioned as a large-scale industrial solvent rather than a specialty reagent; published details for the exact production route and feedstock slate are limited. The comparative difference from other products therefore appears less as a single property step change and more as batch-to-batch control of trace aldehyde and peroxide formation, which is relevant when the solvent is held in warm bulk tanks for extended periods. In high-purity uses, purchasing specifications should include peroxide value, aldehyde/ketone content by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivatization, and UV absorbance at 210 nm to 230 nm, because these are not always shown on a commercial simple COA. The product should be differentiated from fermentation-derived or low-spec hydration material by requesting the producer’s process-type declaration, sulfur content, and benzene limit.
For many solvent buyers, the decision between Juhua IPA and another merchant source is determined by the logistics of a bulk-imported hazardous chemical rather than a one-point purity difference. ISO tank deliveries can contain up to 20 000 L and must comply with ISGOTT or local marine-pollution protocols for Class 3 chemicals. Moisture ingress during intermodal transfer is a realistic failure mode; a wet tank or a poorly dried discharge line can raise moisture by 0.05% to 0.20% before the material reaches the day tank. This operational sensitivity is why tighter final moisture specifications are often purchased as a compensating margin rather than as a true indication of initial plant performance.
Because the flash point of isopropanol is higher than acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, closed-loop vapour degreasers designed for halogenated solvents cannot be retrofitted without evaluating the 12°C closed-cup flash point and the 2.0% to 12.7% flammable range at ambient pressure. The lower vapour pressure of IPA, approximately 4.4 kPa at 20°C, extends wet contact time during spray cleaning but also increases drying energy demand compared with acetone. In printed circuit board defluxing, IPA is typically applied through an ultrasonic bench or a low-pressure spray under nitrogen blanket; uncontrolled open-tank heating above 40°C is incompatible with electrical area classification. For electronics cleaning, the relevant performance criterion is not final visual cleanliness but post-cleaning surface insulation resistance measured according to IPC-TM-650 2.6.3.7; non-volatile residues above 0.001% can create ionic channels that reduce SIR readings in high-humidity testing. The product therefore differs from commodity IPA when its lot COA includes ion chromatography limits for chloride and sulfate.
Isopropanol is hygroscopic; open-top tanks in an assembly environment with relative humidity above 60% can absorb water and shift the azeotropic composition, lowering drying performance. Nitrogen blanketing or sealed delivery is recommended. For high-precision metal cleaning, water content above 0.20% is associated with slower final evaporation and possible water spotting on polished substrates. The use of molecular sieves or dry nitrogen pressure transfer is standard on production lines where the cleaning bath is maintained below 0.10% moisture.
| Property | Isopropanol | Acetone | Ethanol | Methanol |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point °C | 82.3 | 56.1 | 78.3 | 64.7 |
| Closed-cup flash point °C | 12 | -20 | 13 | 11 |
| Vapour pressure at 20°C kPa | 4.4 | 24.5 | 5.8 | 12.8 |
| Snyder polarity index | 3.9 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.1 |
| Autoignition temperature °C | 399 | 465 | 363 | 464 |
The data in the comparative table explain why isopropanol is often selected for electronic defluxing and precision cleaning: its solvent strength is sufficient for rosin residues but its flash point is higher than acetone and its vapour pressure is lower, giving longer contact time without requiring vacuum equipment. In coating systems, replacement of acetone with IPA usually requires raising dry-bulb temperature or reducing line speed because evaporation is slower; this is not a product deficiency but a formulation adjustment. Relative to methanol, isopropanol has a lower polarity index and a lower oral acute toxicity rating, making it preferable for general cleaning where worker exposure is frequent. Relative to ethanol, isopropanol has a slightly lower boiling point and is not subject to denaturing or excise-tax controls in many industrial markets, but it is more toxic and has a stronger odour.
Storage tanks for Class 3 flammable liquids should be carbon steel or stainless steel, grounded and bonded, with inert-gas blanketing for high-purity applications. The product is classified as GHS H225, highly flammable liquid and vapour; closed-cup flash point is 12°C, autoignition temperature is approximately 399°C, and explosion limits in air are 2.0% to 12.7% by volume. The maximum storage temperature should be limited to 30°C for product quality and below 40°C for fire code. Avoid contact with strong oxidizers, concentrated nitric acid, chromium trioxide, and other oxygen-releasing agents; isopropanol can form explosive peroxides under prolonged air exposure when contaminated, though commercial IPA is not typically peroxide-stabilized in solvent grades.
Material compatibility is generally acceptable for stainless steel, carbon steel, polypropylene, and high-density polyethylene. Natural rubber, neoprene, and some epoxy-lined tanks may show swelling or extractive contamination; static discharge remains a risk if non-conductive plastic piping is used without bonding. Ventilation design should maintain vapour concentrations below 10% of the lower explosive limit under normal operation, which for isopropanol corresponds to about 0.2% by volume. Bulk unloading from ISO tank containers should use closed-loop vapour recovery or nitrogen make-up, and transfer pumps should be compatible with low viscosity and low autoignition temperature. Because isopropanol has a low conductivity, static discharge during high-speed transfer can act as an ignition source. Flow velocity should be limited to 1 m/s for initial filling and below 7 m/s after the pipe is submerged, following common practice for non-conductive flammable liquids. These limits are especially important for high-purity grades because additional filtration and moisture traps can introduce non-conductive plastic components that require bonded metal inserts. US facilities typically follow NFPA 30 and OSHA 29 CFR 1910.106.
As a chemical intermediate, isopropanol is consumed in the production of isopropyl acetate and isopropylamines, and it serves as a solvent in rosin esterification and alkaloid extraction. In these reaction systems, water content is often more influential than alcohol purity because water can consume acylating or alkylating agents. For coatings formulated with nitrocellulose, IPA is blended with butyl acetate or methyl isobutyl ketone to adjust viscosity and evaporation rate; publication of specific formulation data for Juhua IPA is limited. When the product is used in pharmaceutical or cosmetic intermediates, it should be qualified against the relevant pharmacopeial monograph rather than the industrial grade COA alone, because industrial IPA may not meet USP or FCC limits for peroxide, UV absorbance, and heavy metals. Similarly, the absence of denaturants is not in itself proof that a particular industrial lot is suitable for leave-on personal-care formulations; additional microbial, peroxide, and residue testing is required under the target regulatory standard.
