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| HS Code | 552032 |
| Chemical Name | Isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol) |
| Chemical Formula | C3H8O |
| Concentration | 60% v/v (technical grade) |
| Cas Number | 67-63-0 |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Odor | Strong, sharp, alcohol-like odor |
| Boiling Point | Approximately 82°C (180°F) at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point | Approximately 21°C (70°F) closed cup |
| Specific Gravity | 0.88 at 20°C (water = 1) |
| Water Solubility | Completely miscible |
| Ph | Approximately 6.0 at 20°C |
| Vapor Pressure | Approximately 5.0 kPa (37 mmHg) at 20°C |
| Autoignition Temperature | Approximately 399°C (750°F) |
As an accredited Isopropyl Alcohol 60% Technical Grade factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied in a 1 L HDPE bottle with a secure, child-resistant cap and clear hazard labeling for safe handling. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20' FCL: Isopropyl Alcohol 60% in UN-approved drums, palletized and secured, with ventilation and proper segregation. |
| Shipping | Ship as hazardous material: UN1219, Isopropanol (Isopropyl Alcohol), Class 3 Flammable Liquid, Packing Group II. Use approved containers, proper labels, and segregation from oxidizers. Protect from heat and ignition sources. Ground transport preferred; air shipment requires special authorization. Details must appear on shipping papers. |
| Storage | Store Isopropyl Alcohol 60% in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, flames, and strong oxidizers. Keep containers tightly closed and properly labeled, preferably in original or compatible containers. Protect from direct sunlight. Use spill containment and grounding/bonding for transfers. Ensure storage area is secure and inaccessible to unauthorized personnel. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 2–3 years when stored tightly sealed, away from heat and ignition sources. |
The active isopropanol component is commonly produced to ASTM D770 specifications, but the aqueous 60% technical-grade stream is not automatically lot-certified under that specification and is not a USP, ACS, or food-grade material. In sheetfed offset press units operating alcohol dampening systems, the 60% aqueous isopropanol stream is metered into the recirculating fount solution as a partial replacement for 99% isopropanol. The dosing calculation is volumetric: where a press operator previously sets a 5–15 vol% charge of 99% isopropanol in the fount concentrate, the 60% material is charged at 8.3–25 vol% to deliver equivalent active alcohol mass. Because the stream already contains 40% water, the make-up water flow into the recirculating tank must be reduced by the same water fraction to avoid flooding the non-image area of the plate and disturbing ink-water balance. Press-side process targets remain pH 4.8–5.5, and fount conductivity is held within the plate and press supplier range; water hardness above 10 °dH can cause calcium scumming, and technical-grade trace sulfate or chloride can accelerate plate tinting if the fount is not bled and replenished on schedule. The material is supplied for commercial print and packaging work only. Direct food-contact printed matter is excluded unless migration testing under EU 10/2011 demonstrates compliance, because technical-grade non-volatile residue is not controlled to food-packaging limits. Finished products include folded cartons, magazines, catalogues, inserts, and corrugated preprint liners. Colour output is controlled to ISO 12647-2, and fount stability is confirmed by pH and conductivity measurement rather than visual inspection alone.
The use of 60% technical-grade isopropanol in electronics maintenance is restricted to non-critical surfaces, stencil cleaning, enclosure wiping, and sacrificial fixtures. A typical ready-to-use wipe procedure applies 5–10 mL per 100 cm² of surface area using a low-lint polyester wipe and a contact time of 15–30 seconds to remove solder paste, uncured rosin flux soils, and handling oils. It must not replace final cleaning of populated printed circuit assemblies where ionic residue limits are enforced, because the water fraction and trace ion content of technical-grade material can cause a failing result above the accepted 1.56 µg NaCl equivalent/cm² limit measured by IPC-TM-650 Method 2.3.25. For high-reliability assemblies, IPC J-STD-001 requires a cleanliness verification sequence. If the 60% stream is used as an initial cleaning step, a subsequent rinse with 18 MΩ·cm deionised water and ionograph or resistivity-of-solvent-extract validation become mandatory. Open-bath ultrasonic cleaning should not be heated above 30 °C, and the actual flash point must be verified by ASTM D93 closed-cup method; heating is unnecessary for rosin-based paste residues and raises vapour accumulation risk. The product also has limited compatibility with acrylate conformal coatings. Spot testing per IPC-CC-830 is required if any coated assembly is wiped, because absorbed water can produce micro-blisters during thermal cycling. Finished items include unpopulated solder stencils, wave pallets, ESD-workstation maintenance fixtures, and metal enclosures that do not carry soldering reliability requirements.
| Application | Standard / test method | Enforcement limit |
|---|---|---|
| Offset lithography | ISO 12647-2 | No direct food-contact print without EU 10/2011 migration data |
| Electronics cleaning | IPC-TM-650 2.3.25 | Below 1.56 µg NaCl eq/cm² for high-reliability assemblies |
| Flexographic ink dilution | EuPIA guidance / EU 10/2011 | Non-food packaging only unless certified low-migration |
| Washer fluid | ASTM D1177 | Not an aircraft deicer under SAE AMS 1424 |
| Non-clinical histology | CLIA 42 CFR 493 boundary | Excluded from human diagnostic pathology |
| MRO tool cleaning | ASTM D93 | ATEX zone assessment if flash point classifies product as flammable |
In corrugated converting plants and non-food flexographic shops, the 60% aqueous isopropanol grade is added press-side to water-based inks at press-ready levels of 2–8 wt%, depending on the resin cut, anilox configuration, and plate type. The alcohol suppresses dynamic surface tension and assists capillary transfer from anilox cells to clay-coated board without fully destabilising the amine-stabilised acrylic emulsion. Operators verify viscosity with a Zahn #2 cup at 20–25 seconds and hold pH at 8.5–9.2; if the technical-grade stream shifts pH upward or accelerates amine loss, the addition rate is reduced to avoid resin destabilisation and pinholing. Because the product contains 40% water, over-dilution reduces print density and causes fibre swelling on uncoated substrates, so it is not used as a general viscosity reducer beyond the press-side guideline. Finished outputs are corrugated shipping cases, grocery bags, and non-food flexible packaging. For food-contact packaging, this grade is excluded unless the ink formulation has been migration-tested under EU 10/2011 and the raw stream is supplied with certified non-volatile residue data; technical-grade isopropanol without such documentation fails the low-migration expectations set by EuPIA guidance. The product also counts toward VOC emissions in the flexographic pressroom. Emission abatement must account for the 60% alcohol fraction under the local implementation of the Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU or equivalent national solvent management regulation.
For railcar, bus, and off-road windshield washer fluids, the 60% technical-grade stream functions as a freeze-point depressant and hydrophilic solvent. A representative high-cleaner blend uses 40–55 wt% of the 60% stream, 0.1–0.5 wt% nonionic surfactant, and the balance demineralised water. The exact crystallisation point is not a linear function of dilution and must be verified by ASTM D1177 refrigerated-bath method, because water hardness, surfactant load, and trace salt content shift the freezing curve. The material cannot be used as a stand-alone cold-weather deicer for automotive glass because the water fraction reduces active freezing-point suppression and can increase re-freeze haze after application. It is also not acceptable for aircraft ground deicing fluids, which must meet SAE AMS 1424 aerospace material specification; a 60% technical-grade isopropanol product alone does not satisfy that specification. The finished washer fluid must be filtered to 10 µm or finer to remove technical-grade particulate, and storage containers must meet NFPA 30 flammable-liquid separation if the flash point measured by ASTM D93 falls below the applicable indoor threshold. Finished washer fluids are packaged in high-density polyethylene with child-resistant closures, and freeze point, pH, and sprayability are tested according to the private OEM washer-fluid standard of the contract.
In teaching and museum histology workflows that require a lower-cost alcohol series, 60% aqueous isopropanol serves as the initial dehydration step for non-clinical botanical, arthropod, and zoological specimens. Specimen blocks are trimmed to 5 mm thickness or less and immersed at a ratio of 1:20 tissue-to-fluid volume for 30–60 minutes, followed by 70%, 80%, 95%, and 100% isopropanol steps of similar duration. The 60% technical grade is acceptable only where tissue morphology is used for museum teaching collections, comparative zoology, or undergraduate preparation. It is excluded from human diagnostic pathology and from any laboratory operating under CLIA 42 CFR part 493 or FDA design control requirements, because the impurity profile is not validated for diagnostic quality systems. Technical-grade residues can bind acidic stains and produce background artefact; a clarification filtration through a 0.45 µm nylon membrane is applied before use. The final product is a paraffin-embedded teaching block, sectioned at 5–10 µm and sealed for microscopy. The 60% product should not be heated above 25 °C during tissue processing unless the processor is rated for flammable vapour atmospheres and the flash point has been verified by ASTM D93.
Maintenance departments use the 60% aqueous technical-grade stream to soften dried water-based acrylic ink, acrylic latex, and polyvinyl acetate adhesive residues from coating tools, spray guns, brush lines, and screen-printing squeegees. For dried acrylic film, a static immersion of 30–60 minutes at 20–25 °C is generally sufficient to loosen the film from stainless steel tooling; cured two-component epoxy or polyurethane is not dissolved, and the material is not a replacement for ethyl acetate or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone on crosslinked coatings. The material is circulated through spray lines at 0.2–0.4 MPa after removal of electric components, because the water phase attacks aluminium seals and can create pinholes if the 60% stream is left in contact with bare aluminium for more than 4 hours. Waste wash liquor should be pH-adjusted before discharge because technical-grade stabilisers can acidify the collection tank. The process area must satisfy local fire code ventilation requirements or operate under ATEX 1999/92/EC zone classification if the flash point measured by ASTM D93 places the product in a flammable category. End use is restored production tooling, not direct sale as a formulated cleaner; closed-loop cleaning tanks with vacuum-distillation recovery are advisable where VOC permits apply.
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Isopropyl alcohol 60% Technical Grade is supplied as a clear, colourless, water-miscible liquid with a nominal propan-2-ol content of 60% by volume at 20°C and a deionized water balance of approximately 40%. The chemical identifier is CAS 67-63-0, EINECS 200-661-7, molecular formula C₃H₈O, molecular weight 60.10 g/mol. Commercial part codes are supplier-specific; a conventional designation is IPA-60-TG or equivalent, with the technical-grade classification indicating that the material is not certified to USP, EP, JP, or ACS monographs. Bulk supply formats include 200 L HDPE drums, 1000 L intermediate bulk containers, and dedicated stainless-steel tanker deliveries under a lot-specific certificate of analysis. Incoming release should verify assay, density, acidity, water content, and non-volatile residue before the solvent enters production.
The aqueous 60% technical grade differs from 70% USP and 99% anhydrous material in water content, residue profile, and regulatory compliance. USP isopropanol must meet monograph limits for assay, acidity, non-volatile residue, and UV-absorbing substances; manufacturing is performed under 21 CFR 210/211 current good manufacturing practice if intended for drug or device contact. Technical-grade 60% is not certified as a topical antiseptic and should not be used for skin contact unless the end user has validated the process against ASTM E2315 time-kill or EN 1276 bactericidal suspension methods. For analytical use, trace distillation bottoms or extractables from packaging can produce a solvent blank signal in gas chromatography or liquid chromatography with UV detection. A pre-use solvent suitability test through a 0.45 µm PTFE membrane is therefore recommended.
The lower isopropanol concentration also changes the Hansen solubility parameter balance relative to anhydrous IPA. The water fraction raises polarity and hydrogen-bonding contribution, which assists removal of inorganic salts and polar rosin residues but reduces compatibility with nonpolar resins, waxes, and some silicone-release coatings. Formulators using 60% technical grade in cleaning or thinning should therefore adjust for a higher hydrophilic character than 99% material. This difference is particularly relevant in automotive paint-surface tack rags and graphics arts wash-up solvents.
| Grade | Propan-2-ol content | Water content | Typical industrial application | Relevant standard or monograph |
| Isopropyl alcohol 60% Technical Grade | 60% v/v | 40% v/v | Degreasing, flexographic ink dilution, industrial surface preparation | Supplier certificate of analysis; ASTM D770 scope not assumed |
| Isopropyl alcohol 70% USP | 70% v/v | 30% v/v | Topical antiseptic, disinfectant wiping | USP monograph |
| Isopropyl alcohol 99% technical/anhydrous | 99% w/w | ≤0.1% w/w | Precision cleaning, coatings, laboratory solvent | ASTM D770 |
| Isopropyl alcohol ACS reagent | ≥99.5% w/w | ≤0.05% w/w | Analytical solvent, HPLC blank | ACS reagent specifications |
On a multi-unit flexographic press, 60% technical grade is used as a press-side viscosity reducer for solvent-based inks only when the ink resin tolerates water without pigment flocculation or pH drift. Automatic viscosity control systems maintain a Zahn #2 cup reading of 18–25 s at 25°C; the addition rate is typically 1–5% by volume depending on anilox and plate configuration. The water fraction delays evaporative drying relative to anhydrous isopropanol, so interstation hot-air dryers must be balanced against press speed. Retention of water in heavy film weights can increase blocking if rewind tension and dryer temperature are not adjusted. Production trials should record dryer temperature, press speed, and residual moisture before qualifying the solvent for a new ink series.
The 60% technical grade is not a disinfectant. It should not be treated as equivalent to 70% USP isopropanol for microbial reduction of surfaces, because product-specific data under ASTM E2315 or EN 1276 are not supplied with a technical-grade certificate of analysis. If disinfection is required in an industrial area, a registered biocide or a 70% USP-grade alcohol should be used after gross cleaning with the 60% technical degreasing solvent.
In printed circuit board assembly, 60% technical grade is applied as a wipe solvent for stencil cleaning, misprint removal, and general bench cleaning. The process risk is not propan-2-ol assay but residual non-volatile material after evaporation. Technical-grade material can contain trace still bottoms, corrosion inhibitors, or packaging extractables that remain on the substrate and compromise conformal coating adhesion. Assemblies qualified to IPC J-STD-001 or IPC-A-610 should be subject to surface insulation resistance testing per IPC-TM-650 method 2.6.3.7 and ion chromatography extraction before the cleaning method is released. Low-lint polyester knit wipes and sealed dispensing bottles are used to minimize contamination and atmospheric water uptake.
The following representative incoming QC limits are evaluated on each bulk receipt; the supplier certificate of analysis prevails when tightening or relaxing individual parameters for a specific production line.
| Parameter | Representative limit | Test method |
| Propan-2-ol assay | 60.0 ± 1.0% v/v | Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection or density correlation |
| Density at 20°C | 0.860–0.880 g/cm³ | ASTM D4052 digital density meter |
| Water content | 39.0–41.0% v/v | ASTM E203 Karl Fischer titration |
| Acidity as acetic acid | ≤ 0.01 wt% | Acid-base titration, phenolphthalein endpoint |
| Non-volatile residue | ≤ 0.01 wt% | Evaporation at 105°C, gravimetric |
| Colour | ≤ 10 APHA | ASTM D1209 |
For structural adhesive bonding of aluminum and stainless steel, the 60% grade functions as a wipe solvent to remove light oils and shop soils before surface abrasion. The water content requires a clean dry low-lint wipe and evaporation under forced air before the adhesive is applied. Moisture-sensitive systems, including cyanoacrylate adhesives and moisture-curing polyurethanes, are particularly sensitive to residual water film. Surface cleanliness can be verified by water-break-free testing after solvent evaporation, but the test must account for the fact that residual alcohol can temporarily reduce surface tension. When preparing surfaces for bonding, the solvent should not be used as the final rinse if the bonding specification requires a volatile solvent with no water content.
An ultrasonic immersion tank charged with 60% technical grade operates effectively in the 40 kHz frequency range with a power density of 0.5–1.0 W/cm². Bath temperature is maintained between 15°C and 30°C to limit alcohol evaporation and preserve cavitation. The water fraction remains as a film after the alcohol component flashes from metal surfaces, so passive drying is insufficient for moisture-sensitive parts prior to conformal coating or wire bonding. A filtered compressed air knife at 0.4–0.6 MPa with a dew point below -40°C removes visible water before oven drying. Tanks constructed of stainless steel or polypropylene are preferred; compatibility with aluminum must be confirmed because published data on long-term aluminum exposure to aqueous technical-grade isopropanol is limited.
Polycarbonate, acrylic, and some styrenic components can develop stress crazing when contacted with isopropanol. The 60% aqueous grade reduces the rate of solvent attack relative to 99% material but does not remove the incompatibility. For acrylic light fixtures, polycarbonate machine guards, or ABS instrument housings, an immersion test of 4 h at 23°C should precede production use. Painted or coated surfaces can be compared using solvent rub testing under ASTM D5402. Softening, gloss loss, or colour transfer indicates incompatibility and requires replacement with a water-based detergent cleaner.
Pure propan-2-ol has a vapour pressure of 4.4 kPa at 20°C and a closed-cup flash point of 12°C. The 60% aqueous solution remains a flammable liquid because its flash point is below the 37.8°C threshold in 29 CFR 1910.106 for Class I flammable liquids. Storage areas require electrical classification in accordance with NFPA 70 Article 500, plus pressure-vacuum vents on bulk tanks. Nitrogen blanketing is not required solely for a 60% water solution but may be installed to control static charge during high-rate pumping. Dispensing areas should use local exhaust ventilation and remove ignition sources from the classified boundary. Spill response should use alcohol-resistant foam or water spray for dilution; dry chemical may be inadequate if the alcohol component re-flashes.
Evaporation rate can be compared using ASTM D3539 or by gravimetric tray tests at controlled airflow. The aqueous 60% grade has a lower initial evaporation rate than anhydrous due to the lower vapour pressure of water; after the alcohol fraction depletes, evaporation approaches pure water kinetics. This behaviour extends dry time on non-absorbent surfaces and must be considered in automated cleaning lines where cycle time is fixed.
Transfer lines, gaskets, and pump seals should be selected from FEP, PTFE, or EPDM after supplier compatibility data. Natural rubber, nitrile, and some neoprene compounds can swell or extract plasticizers into the alcohol, increasing non-volatile residue. Drum pumps and transfer vessels must be electrically bonded and grounded to a resistance of less than 10⁶ Ω to prevent static accumulation. The product should not be stored near strong oxidizers, acid chlorides, or acid anhydrides because of exothermic reaction potential.
Solvent recovery of 60% technical grade by distillation is limited by the isopropanol-water minimum-boiling azeotrope at 87.8% by weight and 80.4°C at 101.3 kPa. Simple distillation produces a distillate approaching this composition and leaves water in the still bottoms. Molecular sieve or extractive distillation is required to exceed the azeotrope. Recovery systems should be designed for aqueous alcohol rather than anhydrous solvent. Spent material that remains uncontaminated may be recycled in a closed solvent recovery still; material contaminated with listed hazardous substances must be evaluated under 40 CFR 261 before disposal.
